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Jan 21 2025
Patient-Centered Care

Healthcare Approaches a New Frontier via AI and Quantum Computing

When it comes to healthcare’s foray into quantum computing, where does artificial intelligence fit in?

A lot has changed since IBM and Cleveland Clinic debuted the first quantum computer dedicated to healthcare research in March 2023.

The explosive rise and rapid evolution of artificial intelligence and machine learning could turbocharge quantum computing, where ultrafast calculations are made using quantum mechanics principles. This boost could power quantum computing applications in drug discovery and medical diagnostics.

Since the quantum computer was installed at Cleveland Clinic, chief research information officer Dr. Lara Jehi says there has been “tremendous growth” in medical research.

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New Research to Improve Patient Care

Through Cleveland Clinic’s Discovery Accelerator partnership, there are 52 research projects underway using these high-performance computing technologies. Together with IBM, the health system has published peer-reviewed research papers, including its first study, which lays the groundwork for applying quantum computing methods to protein structure prediction.

“By accurately predicting the structure of a protein, researchers can better understand how diseases spread and how to create effective therapies,” Jehi says.

Cleveland Clinic, IBM and the Science and Technology Facilities Council’s Hartree Centre in the U.K. recently announced a collaboration aimed at advancing healthcare and biomedical science through AI and quantum computing.

Two clinical research projects have been launched to start the new collaboration. One of the projects, led by Jehi in collaboration with IBM and the Hartree Centre, will apply quantum computing to analyze large-scale data sets to identify molecular features in the body that better predict surgical responses in patients with epilepsy.

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“The objective is to uncover novel biomarkers that can be used to personalize treatment plans and improve patient outcomes,” she says.

AI has also been used to enhance imaging, aiding in the detection of breast cancer and other cancers, Jehi says. “In recent years, we have seen rapid acceleration and adoption of these technologies aimed at speeding up biomedical research and enhancing patient care.”

One example is Cleveland Clinic’s early use of AI for risk prediction in sepsis, where the health system is piloting a sepsis AI program integrating advanced models directly into clinical workflows to make decision-making easier and more effective. “The goal is for sepsis to be flagged faster and with improved accuracy, leading to more timely and effective treatment,” Jehi says.

Source: mitsloan.mit.edu, “Quantum computing: What leaders need to know now,” Jan. 11, 2024

The Potential of Quantum Computing and AI for Drug Discovery

In drug discovery, researchers must accurately describe complex quantum mechanical systems that encode binding interactions of large molecules and chemical reaction rates.

“Simulating these systems in conventional computers is extremely resource-intensive and most often prohibitive at the scale needed for real-world applications, even for the most powerful supercomputers,” says Dr. Bruno Abreu, deputy scientific director of the Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center at Carnegie Mellon University.

Quantum computers, however, are themselves quantum systems, making them a much more suitable platform for these simulations.

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In a typical workflow, AI comes in as a guide to propose molecule candidates with a high potential to display a desired physical, chemical or therapeutic property.

The dynamics of such a candidate are then quickly solved by the quantum computer, giving researchers an answer to the candidate’s suitability and finally augmenting the data from which the AI model is trained to infer candidates.

“As quantum computers become more reliable, usable and available, we will undoubtedly start seeing successful applications more often,” Abreu says.

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